Cases Of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Research Articles

Xéroderma pigmentosum (XP) sous les tropiques : Un cas à Conakry avec carcinome épidermoïde

XP is generally considered to be a very serious disease in the tropics due to its pronounced sensitivity to sunlight. A disabling condition, first described by Kaposi in 1870, remains very rare in black people. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from XP, which is rare in dermatological consultations in Guinea. An 11-year-old Guinean student presented with an ulcerative-crust nodule of the scalp that had been evolving for 2 months. He was from a 1st degree consanguineous marriage and had undergone unsuccessful medical and traditional consultations and treatments. Examination showed an ulcerative-crusty nodule on the left parietal area, hypo-hyperpigmented macules on the exposed areas, cheilitis and photophobia. The rest of the examination was normal. Skin histopathology confirmed squamous cell carcinoma, and the CT scan showed no metastatic lesions. Multidisciplinary management was proposed. The patient remains under medical supervision. Skin cancers occurring in XP patients can be prevented by applying photoprotection measures, and genetic counselling before consanguineous unions could also help prevention.

A Case of Invasive Metastatic Tonsillar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Complicated by Polymicrobial Wound Infection in a Previously Healthy 34-Year-Old Inmate

A Case of Invasive Metastatic Tonsillar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Complicated by Polymicrobial Wound Infection in a Previously Healthy 34-Year-Old Inmate

Applying Machine Learning for Enhanced MicroRNA Analysis: A Companion Risk Tool for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Standard Care Incisional Biopsy

Machine learning analyses within the realm of oral cancer outcomes are relatively underexplored compared to other cancer types. This study aimed to assess the performance of machine learning algorithms in identifying oral cancer patients, utilizing microRNA expression data. In this study, we implemented this approach using a panel of oral cancer-associated microRNAs sourced from standard incisional biopsy specimens to identify cases of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). For the model development process, we used a dataset comprising 30 OSCC and 30 histologically normal epithelium (HNE) cases. We initially trained a logistic regression prediction model using 70 percent of the dataset, while reserving the remaining 30 percent for testing. Subsequently, the model underwent hyperparameter tuning resulting in enhanced performance metrics. The hyperparameter-tuned model exhibited high accuracy (0.894) and ROC AUC (0.898) in predicting OSCC. Testing the model on cases of potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) revealed that leukoplakia with mild dysplasia was predicted as having a high risk of progressing to OSCC, emphasizing machine learning’s advantage over histopathology in detecting early molecular changes. These findings underscore the necessity for further refinement, incorporating a broader set of variables to enhance the model’s predictive capabilities in assessing the risk of oral potentially malignant disorders.

[Clinicopathological characteristics and immune microenvironment of breast squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of breast squamous cell carcinoma and to analyze the relationship between its immune microenvironment tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and prognosis. Methods: Forty-four cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast diagnosed and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China from January 2006 to July 2022 were selected. Their clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. The cell composition of TILs was evaluated using immunohistochemistry (Mainly markers of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and plasma cells). The relationship between TILs and prognosis was also analyzed. Results: The 44 patients of breast squamous cell carcinoma were all female and all were invasive carcinoma. Eight cases (8/44, 18.2%) were squamous cell carcinoma, while 36 cases (36/44, 81.8%) were mixed squamous cell carcinoma. The mixed components included non-specific carcinoma and spindle cell metaplastic carcinoma (17 cases each). One case contained ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast and 1 case contained tubular carcinoma. The proportion of squamous cell carcinoma was 10% to 90%. The cases with pure squamous cell carcinoma often had a large cystic cavity, which was lined by atypical squamous epithelium, while infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma nests were seen in the breast tissue around the cystic cavity. Immunohistochemical staining showed that p63 and CK5/6 were expressed in the squamous cell carcinoma component, but ER, PR and HER2 were not, except for one case of HER2 1+. The positive rates of TRPS1 and PDL-1 were 76% and less than 1%, respectively. Fifteen cases were in the high TILs group (TILs≥30%) and 29 cases were in the low TILs group (TILs<30%). Twenty-three patients were followed up for 5 to 118 months. Among them, 12 died within 3 years and 9 were alive at the end of the follow up. There was no significant difference in TNM stage, TILs and prognosis between simple squamous cell carcinoma and mixed squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: Breast squamous cell carcinoma can be divided into simple squamous cell carcinoma and mixed squamous cell carcinoma. There are differences in gross findings and histology between the simple and mixed squamous cell carcinoma of the breast. Sufficient samples should be taken to avoid missing the diagnosis of a minor squamous component. The prognosis of patients with high TILs is significantly better than that of patients with low TILs. The expression rate of TRPS1 in primary squamous cell carcinoma of breast is high and helpful to the differential diagnosis from metastatic squamous cell carcinoma.

Clinical Characteristics, Proteins, and Genes Related to Interstitial Pneumonia-associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lungs

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common histological type of lung carcinoma that is associated with interstitial pneumonia (IP). We hypothesized that identifying specific genetic alterations or molecular markers of SCC with IP may aid the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the same. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to identify tumorigenic genetic alterations and molecular markers in cases of SCC with IP. We included 28 lung SCC cases (14 cases with IP and 14 cases without IP). We performed immunohistochemistry for STAT3, STAT5, and TLE1, and next-generation sequencing was performed using an iSeq 100 system. The panel used in this study targeted 50 cancer-associated genes. Immunohistochemically, the rate of TLE1 positivity was higher in the SCC without IP group (93%) than in the SCC with IP group (29%), while that of STAT5 was higher in the SCC with IP group (79%) than in the SCC without IP group (14%). STAT3 expression was high in both the groups (SCC with IP, 64%; SCC without IP, 71%). Eighteen genes were mutated in more than six samples, and FBXW7 mutation was mainly observed in the SCC with IP group (p < 0.01). Mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis in SCC with IP included STAT5 activation via inflammation, while that in SCC without IP included squamous TLE1-mediated metaplasia. These findings are based on smoking-induced STAT3 activation; therefore, patients with IP who smoke are more likely to have progressive SCC. We also found that FBXW7 mutations may be associated with SCC with IP and keratinization. ERBB4 and KDR mutations were observed in both with or without IP, and these genes may be tumor-related genes in SCC. These molecular markers may help determine the prognoses of patients with SCC with IP and direct the development of treatment approaches.

Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors differs in various status of carcinoma: a study based on 29 cohorts with 3255 participants

BackgroundPre-clinical data have revealed that viral infection, such as Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Human Papilloma virus (HPV), may lead to the development of “hot” or “immune-sensitive” tumors, which may impact the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs). Therefore, This study aimed to investigate the impact of viral status on the efficacy of ICIs.MethodsElectronic databases were searched to identify relevant trials. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) measured by hazard ratio (HR). Stratified analyses were accomplished based on viral types, treatment regimens, and patient locations.ResultsA total of 3255 participants were recruited, including 252 cases of gastric cancer, 156 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 1603 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, and 1244 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Pooled results demonstrated a significant association between viral infection and favorable outcomes in patients receiving ICIs, including improved OS [HR = 0.67, 95%CI (0.57–0.79), P < 0.0001], increased ORR [OR = 1.43, 95%CI (1.14–1.80), P = 0.0018], and a trend toward enhanced PFS [HR = 0.75, 95%CI (0.56–1.00), P = 0.05]. In subgroup analyses, patients treated with ICIs who were exposed to HBV/HCV or HPV infection exhibited an evidently superior OS without heterogeneity, compared to those without infection.ConclusionsThis study indicated that the presence of viral infection was evidently associated with improved outcomes in cancer patients undergoing ICIs, particularly in cases of HBV/HCV and HPV infections.

Integrated pretreatment diffusion kurtosis imaging and serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels: a biomarker strategy for early assessment of radiotherapy outcomes in cervical cancer.

This study aims to explore the utility of pretreatment DKI parameters and serum SCC-Ag in evaluating the early therapeutic response of cervical cancer to radiotherapy. A total of 33 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer, including 31 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and two cases of adenosquamous carcinoma, participated in the study. All patients underwent conventional MRI and DKI scans on a 3T magnetic resonance scanner before radiotherapy and after ten sessions of radiotherapy. The therapeutic response was evaluated based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. Patients were categorized into a response group (RG), comprising Complete Remission (CR) and Partial Remission (PR), and a non-response group (NRG), comprising Stable Disease (SD) and Progressive Disease (PD). LASSO was employed to select pretreatment DKI parameters, and ROC curves were generated for the selected parameters and serum SCC-Ag. Significant differences were observed in pretreatment MD, Da, Dr, MK, Ka, Kr, and SCC-Ag between the RG and NRG groups (P < 0.01). However, no significant differences were noted for FA and FAK (P = 0.441&0.928). The two selected parameters (MD and MK) demonstrated area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of 0.810, 0.769, 0.850 and 0.827, 0.846, 0.750, respectively. The combination of MD and MK exhibited an improved AUC of 0.901, sensitivity of 0.692, and specificity of 1.000, with a higher Youden index compared to the individual parameters. Conversely, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of the combination of MD, MK, and SCC-Ag were 0.852, 0.615, and 1.000, with a Youden index of 0.615. Pretreatment MD, MK, and SCC-Ag demonstrate potential clinical utility, with the combined application of MD and MK showing enhanced efficacy in assessing the early therapeutic response of cervical cancer to radiotherapy. The addition of SCC-Ag did not contribute further to the assessment efficacy.

Accuracy of an artificial intelligence as a medical device as part of a UK-based skin cancer teledermatology service.

An artificial intelligence as a medical device (AIaMD), built on convolutional neural networks, has demonstrated high sensitivity for melanoma. To be of clinical value, it needs to safely reduce referral rates. The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate that the AIaMD had a higher rate of correctly classifying lesions that did not need to be referred for biopsy or urgent face-to-face dermatologist review, compared to teledermatology standard of care (SoC), while achieving the same sensitivity to detect malignancy. Secondary endpoints included the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and number needed to biopsy to identify one case of melanoma or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by both the AIaMD and SoC. This prospective, single-centre, single-arm, masked, non-inferiority, adaptive, group sequential design trial recruited patients referred to a teledermatology cancer pathway (clinicaltrials.gov NCT04123678). Additional dermoscopic images of each suspicious lesion were taken using a smartphone with a dermoscopic lens attachment. The images were assessed independently by a consultant dermatologist and the AIaMD. The outputs were compared with the final histological or clinical diagnosis. A total of 700 patients with 867 lesions were recruited, of which 622 participants with 789 lesions were included in the per-protocol (PP) population. In total, 63.3% of PP participants were female; 89.0% identified as white, and the median age was 51 (range 18-95); and all Fitzpatrick skin types were represented including 25/622 (4.0%) type IV-VI skin. A total of 67 malignant lesions were identified, including 8 diagnosed as melanoma. The AIaMD sensitivity was set at 91 and 92.5%, to match the literature-defined clinician sensitivity (91.46%) as closely as possible. In both settings, the AIaMD identified had a significantly higher rate of identifying lesions that did not need a biopsy or urgent referral compared to SoC (p-value = 0.001) with comparable sensitivity for skin cancer. The AIaMD identified significantly more lesions that did not need to be referred for biopsy or urgent face-to-face dermatologist review, compared to teledermatologists. This has the potential to reduce the burden of unnecessary referrals when used as part of a teledermatology service.

Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising From a Cystic Brow Mass.

An 82-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of an enlarging brow mass that developed after trauma. Clinical and MRI appearance of the lesion appeared consistent with epidermal inclusion cyst. However, excisional biopsy demonstrated invasive squamous cell carcinoma, which recurred 6 weeks later and required repeat surgical excision. To our knowledge, this represents the first case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from a posttraumatic epidermal inclusion cyst.

Post burn and bilateral inflammatory breast cancer: Three case reports from one patient

Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of primary breast cancer. IBC has an incidence of approximately 2.5 cases per 100,000 women. Malignant neoplasms arising from burn scars are well-known but rarely encountered. The subject was reviewed in a comprehensive publication that reviewed the literature between 1923 and 2007 and found 412 well-documented cases of squamous cell carcinoma (71%), basal cell carcinoma (12%), melanoma (6%), sarcoma (5%), other neoplasms (4%), squamo-basal cell carcinoma (1%), and squamous cell-melanoma (1%). In 2008, two cases were reported by Losanof, et al. both female, who were diagnosed with advanced breast cancer many years after severe thermal injury to their breasts. Bilateral synchronous or metachronous breast cancer is well-known and documented except for IBC. To our knowledge, our search using Medline and other searches did not reveal any post-burn IBC or bilateral IBC cases reported in the literature that occurred till 2006. There are only 2 cases reported in 2010 and 2016. We report our 3 case reports presented from one patient; who was diagnosed in 2006; a case of post-burn breast cancer, and to our knowledge the first case report of post-burn IBC type and a rare case report of bilateral metachronous IBC.

Surgical, oncologic, and obstetric outcomes of radical trachelectomy in early-stage cervical cancer: results from a retrospective cohort study at Brazil National Cancer Institute.

to analyze oncological, obstetrical, and surgical results of young early-stage cervical cancer patients who underwent radical trachelectomy (RT) surgery and wished to maintain their fertility. a retrospective cohort study was carried out concerning cases attended at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute Gynecology Oncology Service. Patients who underwent RT between January 2005 and January 2021 were included. A total of 32 patients with median age of 32 years old, 62.5% of whom were nulliparous, were assessed. Concerning cancer type, 65.6% squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases, 31.2% adenocarcinoma cases and 3.1% adenosquamous carcinoma cases were verified. Stage IA2 was evidenced in 12.5% of the patients and stage IB < 4cm in 87.5%. Regarding surgical approaches, 68.25% of the patients underwent vaginal RT (VRT), 18.75%, abdominal RT (ART), 9.3%, the robotic radical trachelectomy (RORT) and 3.1%, video laparoscopy radical trachelectomy (VLRT). The median number of removed lymph nodes was 14, with only two detected as positive. Two cases of positive surgical margins were noted. A total of 3.1% intraoperative and 31.25% postoperative complications were observed, with cervical stenosis being the most common. The recurrence rate of the study was 3.1%, with a median follow-up time of 87 months, where 3.1% deaths occurred. The pregnancy rate of the study was 17.85% (5/28), with 54.5% evolving to live births and 45.5% evolving to abortion. Radical trachelectomy is a feasible procedure presenting good oncological results and acceptable pregnancy rates.

The insufficiency of CT examination in early detection of central lung squamous cell carcinoma and squamous epithelial precancerous lesions

BackgroundCT examination for lung cancer has been carried out for more than 20 years and great achievements have been made in the early detection of lung cancer. However, in the clinical work, a large number of advanced central lung squamous cell carcinoma are still detected through bronchoscopy. Meanwhile, a part of CT-occult central lung squamous cell carcinoma and squamous epithelial precancerous lesions are also accidentally detected through bronchoscopy.MethodsThis study retrospectively collects the medical records of patients in the bronchoscopy room of the Endoscopy Department of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2014 to December 2018. The inclusion criteria for patients includes: 1.Patient medical records completed, 2.Without history of lung cancer before the diagnosis and first pathological diagnosis of primary lung cancer, 3.Have the lung CT data of the same period, 4.Have the bronchoscopy records and related pathological diagnosis, 5.The patients undergoing radical surgical treatment must have a complete postoperative pathological diagnosis. Finally, a total of 10,851 patients with primary lung cancer are included in the study, including 7175 males and 3676 females, aged 22–98 years. Firstly, 130 patients with CT-occult lesions are extracted and their clinical features are analyzed. Then, 604 cases of single central squamous cell carcinoma and 3569 cases of peripheral adenocarcinoma are extracted and compares in postoperative tumor diameter and lymph node metastasis.Results115 cases of CT-occult central lung squamous cell carcinoma and 15 cases of squamous epithelial precancerous lesions are found. In the total lung cancer, the proportion of CT-occult lesions is 130/10,851 (1.20%). Meanwhile, all these patients are middle-aged and elderly men with a history of heavy smoking. There are statistically significant differences in postoperative median tumor diameter (3.65 cm vs.1.70 cm, P < 0.0001) and lymph node metastasis rate (50.99% vs.13.06%, P < 0.0001) between 604 patients with operable single central lung squamous cell carcinoma and 3569 patients with operable peripheral lung adenocarcinoma. Of the 604 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 96.52% (583/604) are male with a history of heavy smoking and aged 40–82 years with a median age of 64 years.ConclusionsThis study indicates that the current lung CT examination of lung cancer is indeed insufficiency for the early diagnosis of central squamous cell carcinoma and squamous epithelial precancerous lesions. Further bronchoscopy in middle-aged and elderly men with a history of heavy smoking can make up for the lack of routine lung CT examination.

(133) Non-Occupational SCC of the Scrotum; Case Presentation and Management

Abstract Introduction Although the incidence of scrotal malignancies is extremely low Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common scrotal malignancy. Its overall annual incidence is approximately 1.5 per 1,000,000 persons in Western countries. It was first linked to the chronic irritation of scrotal skin by the effect of soot in occurring in chimney sweepers hence known as the first described occupational disease. Occupational scrotal SCC was also later described in association with other occupations with chronic carcinogen exposure including cotton mule spinners, paraffin and tar workers, creosote workers, shale oil workers, lathe workers, pitch workers and machine tool setters and operators. Currently most cases result from poor hygiene and chronic inflammation Objective Herein we present a very rare case of SCC of the scrotum referred to us from Dermatology department Methods This 55 years old male patient was referred from dermatology department. He had no underlying occupational hazard. He has been treated for several months of itchy inflammation of the scrotumfor 6 months. Scrotal punch biosy showed moderately differentiated SCC. Clinically there was malignant scrotal ulcer of 4x3 cm with no palpable inguinal lymph nodes. CT staging confirmed localized tumor with no LN or metastatic deposits. Complete excision with 2 cm safety margin confirmed to be negative by frozen section. Final histopathology come to be moderately differentiated SCC pT2Nx. All margins and underlying Dartos were free of tumor infiltration. Results Complete excision could be achieved with intra-operative negative frozen section. Uneventful post-operative course with complete healing of scrotal wound. Conclusions Although rare, scrotal SCC continues to be serious urogenital malignancy which should be suspected even in the absence of occupational exposure. Cooperation and awareness of Dermatologists is important for early detection and management of such rare malignancy. Complete excision with safety margin is usually sufficient for cure. Inguinal Lymphadenectomy is indicated if grossly infiltrated Disclosure No.

TRPS1 expression in non-melanocytic cutaneous neoplasms: an immunohistochemical analysis of 200 cases.

Although trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) was initially thought to be highly sensitive and specific for carcinomas and mesenchymal tumors of mammary origin, more recent data suggest its expression is not limited to breast neoplasms but also can be seen in other cutaneous neoplasms, such as extramammary Paget disease and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ. Two-hundred cases of non-melanocytic cutaneous neoplasm, including basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) (n = 41), SCCs (n = 35), Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) (n = 25), and adnexal neoplasms (n = 99), were tested for TRPS1 expression using a monoclonal anti- TRPS1 rabbit anti-human antibody. TRPS1 expression was present in almost all cases of SCC (94%), with a median H-score of 200, while it was either absent or only focally present in most BCCs (90%), with a median H-score of 5. The difference between BCCs and SCCs in H-score was significant (p < .001). All MCCs (100%) lacked TRPS1 expression. TRPS1 expression was frequently seen in most adnexal neoplasms, benign and malignant, in variable intensity and proportion but was consistently absent in apocrine carcinomas. All endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinomas (EMPSGCs) (100%, 6/6) showed diffuse and strong TRPS1 immunoreactivity, with a median H-score of 300, which was significantly different (p < .001) than that of BCCs. Our study shows that TRPS1 may be an effective discriminatory marker for BCCs and SCCs. It also has a role in distinguishing BCCs from EMPSGCs.

Metaplastic Squamous Cell Carcinoma - A Very Rare Entity of Breast Carcinoma in an Elderly Female Patient

Metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma of breast is a rare malignancy and accounts to &lt; 1% of all breast cancers and it is most commonly seen in elderly women. As the tumor cells exhibit heterogeneous behavior, a standard therapeutic approach is difficult to establish. Age, size of the tumor, lymph node metastasis and receptor status are the important prognostic factors. Metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma has very unfavorable prognosis compared to other triple negative breast malignancies. Surgery combined with neoadjuvant radiotherapy can ameliorate the disease outcome. Early diagnosis and treatment play a crucial role in the management. Here we report a case of metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma of breast in a 67 years female who came with breast lump in the left breast for 6 months with palpable axillary lymph nodes. She underwent modified radical mastectomy with the diagnosis of Ductal cell carcinoma reported on fine needle aspiration cytology. Lymph node clearance done at all levels and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination. Gross examination revealed unifocal gray white irregular tumor measuring 9 x 4 x 3.6 cms located in the inner central quadrant and container labelled as level 1 revealed 7x 4 x 3 cms firm mass. Microscopic examination revealed infiltrating tumor tissue in nesting pattern, syncytial pattern and solid pattern. The tumor cells were having pleomorphic nuclei, increased N:C ratio and moderate to scant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Within the nesting pattern of tumor tissue keratin pearls were seen. Interstitium showed lymphocytic infiltration. One lymph node from level 1 showed metastatic deposits. The tumor was diagnosed as metaplastic Squamous cell carcinoma of left breast with TNM staging of PT3 N1 Mx. Keywords: Squamous, metaplastic, breast, poor prognosis.

[Oncological outcomes of laparoscopic radical trachelectomy for early stage cervical cancer].

Objective: To analyze and summarize the oncological outcomes after laparoscopic radical trachelectomy (LRT) for early stage cervical cancer. Methods: The clinical data and follow-up results of 148 patients with early stage cervical cancer who underwent LRT in Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University from July 2014 to June 2023 were collected, while tumor outcomes and postoperative pregnancy were analyzed retrospectively. Results: (1) General situation: the median age of 148 patients with LRT was 33 years (range: 19-42 years). Pathological type: 111 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 36 cases of adenocarcinoma, 1 case of adenosquamous carcinoma. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (2018) stage: 17 cases of stage Ⅰa1 with lympho-vascular space invasion, 25 cases of stage Ⅰa2, 102 cases of stage Ⅰb1, and 4 cases of stage Ⅰb2. (2) Tumor outcomes: 148 patients were followed up regularly after LRT, and the median follow-up time was 59 months (range: 2-104 months). During the follow-up period, 5 cases of tumor recurred (including 1 death), and the median recurrence time was 10 months (range: 4-33 months). Among them, there were 3 cases of pelvic metastasis, 1 case of distant metastasis, and 1 case of both pelvic and distant metastasis. Both 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival rates of 148 patients were 94.5%, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 98.9%. (3) Postoperative pregnancy: among 148 patients with LRT, 67 patients had pregnancy requirements, followed up for 1 year, and 20 of them were pregnant, with a pregnancy rate of 29.9% (20/67). Among the 20 pregnant patients, 2 cases early abortion, 1 case mid-term abortion, and 17 cases gave birth (including 4 cases of premature birth and 13 cases of full-term birth). Conclusion: Under the condition of strict control of surgical indications, guaranteed surgical scope and tumor-free operation, LRT in patients with early cervical cancer has a good outcome.

Expanding Broad Molecular Reflex Testing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer to Squamous Histology.

Due to the success story of biomarker-driven targeted therapy, most NSCLC guidelines agree that molecular reflex testing should be performed in all cases with non-squamous cell carcinoma (non-SCC). In contrast, testing recommendations for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) vary considerably, specifically concerning the exclusion of patients of certain age or smoking status from molecular testing strategies. We performed a retrospective single-center study examining the value of molecular reflex testing in an unselected cohort of 316 consecutive lung SCC cases, tested by DNA- and RNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) at our academic institution between 2019 and 2023. Clinicopathological data from these cases were obtained from electronic medical records and correlated with sequencing results. In 21/316 (6.6%) cases, we detected an already established molecular target for an approved drug. Among these were seven cases with an EGFR mutation, seven with a KRAS G12C mutation, four with an ALK fusion, two with an EGFR fusion and one with a METex14 skipping event. All patients harboring a targetable alteration were >50 years of age and most of them had >15 pack-years, questioning restrictive molecular testing strategies. Based on our real-world data, we propose a reflex testing workflow using DNA- and RNA-based NGS that includes all newly diagnosed NSCLC cases, irrespective of histology, but also irrespective of age or smoking status.

Buschke-Löwenstein Tumor: Ano-Perineal Location (About 4 Cases)

Buschke-Löwenstein tumor belongs to the group of verrucous carcinomas, a relatively rare condition and always precedes condyloma acuminata. This tumor is more common in men and immunocompromised people, it develops in the genital area, the perineum and the anus, creating a large budding lesion. The aim of our work is to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic data of these tumors based on our 4 observations collected over 2 years and a review of the literature. The average age was 47.5 years with a male predominance. Sex ratio 3. The three men had spent time in a prison environment. All patients had had at least one anal coitus. Clinical signs are represented by anal swelling, rectal bleeding, moist anus and signs of anemia. Proctological examination revealed an ulcerative-budding cauliflower appearance in all patients. Immunodeficiency virus serology (HIV) was positive in 3 patients. The biopsy revealed a Buschke-Löwenstein tumor without signs of transformation in 3 patients with one case of squamous cell carcinoma. An abdominopelvic CT scan was performed in all patients revealing no signs of sphincter infiltration or other neighboring organs. The treatment consisted of a wide excision associated with analplasty in all patients. Eight months later, we noted a recurrence in one patient, but very minimal, who was treated by electrocautery. Surgical management of Buschke-Löwenstein tumor must be carried out by an experienced surgeon.

Evaluation of the significance of tumor stromal patterns and peri-tumoral inflammation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with special reference to the Yamamoto-Kohama classification.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with 878,348 new cases. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the predominant cell type in tumor stroma and are important promoters of tumor progression. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pattern of desmoplastic stromal reaction and peri-tumoral inflammatory infiltrate with the histological grade and clinical data. A total of 60 cases of HNSCC were included in the study. The hematoxylin and eosin (H and E)-stained sections from all cases were examined by two experienced pathologists for the grade, nature of stomal reaction (SR), peri-tumoral inflammatory infiltration, Yamamoto-Kohama classification grade, worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), depth of invasion (DOI), and other histopathological parameters. Correlation analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Immature SR was not observed in any of the well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases. However, one (3.7%) case of moderately differentiated SCC and two (28.6%) cases of poorly differentiated SCC showed signs of immature SR. In the case of the higher grades of the YK classification, specifically grades 4C and 4D, a more profound depth of tumor cell invasion, equal to or exceeding 10 mm, was evident in six (66.67%) and two (28.57%) cases, respectively. Additionally, among the seven (11.7%) cases classified as poorly differentiated carcinoma, three (42.85%) displayed a WPOI score of 5. SR and the tumor invasive pattern in HNSCC are related to prognosis and may indicate tumor aggressiveness.

Sinonasal (Schneiderian) Tumors in the Temporal Bone: Case Series and Systematic Review.

Neoplasms derived from the sinonasal epithelium are a rare finding in the temporal bone, and their origins are controversial. To review the characteristics of sinonasal epithelial (previously known as Schneiderian) tumors occurring in the temporal bone. This was a 2-center case series and systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Web of Science through May 2021. Patients with clinicopathologic evidence of temporal bone involvement by neoplasms of sinonasal epithelial origin were selected, with or without a history of prior primary sinonasal epithelial tumors. Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic data were extracted. The systematic review included 56 studies and our 8 unpublished cases, totaling 76 cases of papillomas or squamous cell carcinomas in the temporal bone. Of these, 51% occurred secondary to sinonasal tumors, and 49% occurred primarily. Secondary tumors were usually metachronous (77%), with a median delay of 1 year from sinonasal-to-temporal bone tumor diagnosis. Most cases were unilateral (90%); bilateral temporal bone involvement occurred only as secondary ("trilateral") tumors. Unilateral secondary tumors had ipsilateral (81%) or bilateral (19%) sinonasal counterparts. Secondary tumors were more likely to be malignant (OR, 6.7, P < .001). The review was based on case reports and small case series, which are subject to reporting bias. The observed tumor patterns support the hypothesis that the Eustachian tube facilitates the spread of sinonasal epithelium-derived neoplasms from the sinonasal cavity to the temporal bone. Transtubal spread of sinonasal epithelium-derived neoplasms should be considered among the rare causes of middle ear masses.